Inflation 2025

 December 2024 Economy Strong
 Inflation 2.8%    GDP growth 2.4%  Unemployment 4.1%

The University of Michigan March consumer survey found
 "...expectations of where the annual rate of inflation will be a year from now
 surged to 5% from 4.3% in February. That is the highest level since November 2022."

Covid Washington Risked Inflation
to Lower Unemployment

 

Spending Brought Unemployment Down

 

Inflation Was Transitional. but
Supply Chain and Russian Oil
Extended the Transition

 
 
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020 Covid Hit early in 2020 Unemployment Inflation Effect
Trump failed to stop Democrats and Media from forcing economic shutdown.    
CARES Act (Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act) March 27, 2020, $2.2 trillion spent 14.8% Very Little
COVID-19 Relief Package (Consolidated Appropriations December 27, 2020, $900 billion spent   6.7% some
2021 Biden adds to the spending
American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) - Enact 3/11, 2021, $1.9 spent		    6.1% moderate +
Fed predicts inflation transitional, but stayed high longer because    
   Supply Chain bottlenecks as Covid slows globalization   Moderate
    Feb4-20 22 Russia invades Ukraine   moderate

SF FED; estimated supply chain shocks averaged about 60% of the U.S. inflation mid 6/21-mid 6/23