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Fascism
is a radical, authoritarian, socially conservative form of
nationalism1
1. Positive view of violence
2. Promotion of masculinity
3. Protecting the views of a
charismatic leader |
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US
Conservatism
similar to
Classical Liberalism
1. Natural
Rights (liberties) preexist
human action and are unchanging.
2. Constitution limits government power
primarily to
secure these unchanging rights.
3.
Government's
charge- protecting
life, liberty
and property.
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US
Liberalism,
similar to New
Deal Progressivism
1. Government responsibility changed with the industrial revolution,
2. Constitution should not limit
government to protecting just natural rights.
3. Protecting natural and economics rights
is government's
charge.
With
Respect to Fascism1
Patriotism vs Nationalism
a patriot is proud of his country for what it does,
a nationalist is proud of his country no matter what it
does.
The first attitude creates a feeling of responsibility, but
the second leads to continued existing
policy.
In 1960s- 70s,
Vietnam was
patriotic to government supporters, criminal to protesters
Patriotic or Nationalist? History decides
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Political philosophies encompass a
wide range of ideas, beliefs, and ideologies regarding government,
society, justice, rights, and the role of the individual within the
political system. Here is an overview of several fundamental political
philosophies and ideologies:
1. Liberalism
-
Core Ideas: Emphasizes
individual rights, freedom, democracy, and equality before the law.
Liberalism advocates for a limited government that protects civil
liberties while promoting social progress through reform.
-
Variants: Classical
liberalism (focused on free markets), social liberalism (to address
inequality), and Neoliberalism (emphasizing economic growth and
free-market principles).
2. Conservatism
-
Core Ideas: Advocates
for tradition, stability, and continuity in society. Conservatives
often emphasize the importance of family, religion, and national
identity, valuing gradual change over radical reforms.
-
Variants: Social
conservatism (focus on moral values), fiscal conservatism
(prioritizing balanced budgets), and cultural conservatism (emphasis
on traditional social norms).
3. Socialism
-
Core Ideas: Advocates
for social ownership and democratic control of the means of
production. Socialism aims to reduce inequality and ensure that
economic resources are distributed more equitably among the
population.
-
Variants: Democratic
socialism (advocates for socialism through democratic means),
Marxism (class struggle and the eventual overthrow of capitalism),
and social democracy (supports a mixed economy with extensive state
welfare programs).
4. Libertarianism
-
Core Ideas: Stresses
individual liberty and minimal government intervention in both
personal and economic matters. Libertarians advocate for civil
liberties, free markets, and non-interventionist foreign policies.
-
Variants: Right-libertarianism
(focuses on private property rights) and left-libertarianism
(emphasizes social justice and communal ownership).
5. Fascism
-
Core Ideas: An
authoritarian and nationalistic political ideology characterized by
dictatorial power, suppression of dissent, strong regimentation of
society, and often a belief in racial or national superiority.
-
Characteristics: Fascism
often rejects democracy, promotes militarism, and employs
propaganda.
6. Anarchism
-
Core Ideas: Advocates
for a stateless society where individuals govern themselves.
Anarchism opposes hierarchical structures and often envisions a
society organized on voluntary, cooperative principles.
-
Variants: Individualist
anarchism (focus on personal freedom) and collectivist anarchism
(emphasis on communal ownership and cooperation).
7. Environmentalism
-
Core Ideas: Focuses on
the protection of the environment and sustainability.
Environmentalists advocate for policies that address ecological
issues and promote harmony between humans and nature.
-
Variants: Deep ecology
(emphasizing intrinsic value of nature), eco-socialism (integrating
ecological concerns with socialist principles), and sustainability
movements.
8. Nationalism
-
Core Ideas: A
political ideology that emphasizes the interests of a particular
nation, often prioritizing national sovereignty and identity.
Nationalism can unite people with a shared culture, language, or
history.
-
Variants: Civic
nationalism (based on shared
citizenship), ethnic
nationalism (based on shared ethnicity), and religious n
