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Solutions to Questions for
homework
Chapters 1 & 2 Questions for homework
1. Make two statements about pollution, one demonstrating
Positive
Economics and
one demonstrating Normative Economics.
A. United States workers lose X hours per year because of illness caused by pollution.
B. No matter how much it costs, ten percent of the cars sold in Los Angeles should
be free of death-causing pollutants by the year 2000.
Files 2 Questions for homework
1. Give two examples of opportunity cost decisions you have had to make in your
personal
and/or work life. How did the law of increasing costs affect your decision?
A. Should you study or not study
B. Should you buy computer hardware or computer software
C. Students do not spend all of their time studying (or not studying) because at
some
point, the cost (loss of free time) is greater than the benefit (better grades).
2. Use the Production Possibility Frontier to depict full employment, unemployment,
and
slow versus rapid economic growth.
3. Using the Alternative Production Possibilities
data at the end of file 2, what was the opportunity
cost of the first
high tech and the second computer? Why did the cost increase?
A. The first high tech worker cost one entertainer. The second computer costs 2
entertainers.
B. The skills required to make computers are not the same as those required to
entertain people.
The first person moving from entertainment work to making computers was good at making
computers
and a poor entertainer. The next people to moved were not as good at making computers
so it took two
people to produce an additional computer.
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2. How would you expect government involvement in the market for college graduates
to
affect their market price? Has this happened?
A. The demand and supply for a college education has increased because of government
actions.
This has increased the quantity of college graduates. During the 1970's,
price (the cost of
a college degree) increases were lower than inflation because
demand increased less than supply
increased. During the last 10-15 years, price has
increased faster than inflation. Demand has
thus been increasing faster than supply.
B. The increase in the supply of college graduates has caused the expected drop in their
wages,
but not to the extent that the drop in demand for high school and non-high
school graduates has lowered their wages.
3. Give examples of inferior and superior goods.
A. Inferior goods: bread, potatoes, beer
B. Superior goods: steak, vacations, expensive wine
4. T F Quantity demanded varies inversely with price, and quantity supplied varies
directly with price.
5. T F If the price of a good's complement goes down, the supply of the good will go up.
6. T F A price ceiling keeps prices artificially low, and the market reaction is normally
an increase in quantity supplied.
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7. Demonstrate what happens to price and quantity for each of the four possible equal
changes in supply and demand.
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