A Concise History of Islam
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  Islam is an monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one god, Allah.  Mohammad is the messenger God. The world's second largest religion with over 1.8 billion followers has a majority population in 50 countries.Followers are referred to as Muslims.  Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem are home to the three holiest sites in Islam. Islam teaches that God is merciful, powerful, and unique Humankind is guided with prophets, scripture, and natural signs.

The primary scriptures of Islam, the Quran, is the verbatim word of God.  It's teachings and normative examples composed Muhammad's hadith (c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE). Revealed many times before through Old and New Estimates prophets, the Quran when considered in its original Arabic, is the unaltered and final revelation of God.  Islam also teaches a final judgment a paradise and hell. Religious concepts and practices include the Five Pillars of Islam, obligatory acts of worship
following Sharia law  concerning every aspect of life and society,

Historically, Islam is believed to have originated in the early 7th century CE. By the 8th century the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus River in the east.  The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during the Abbasid Caliphate, when much of the historically Muslim world experienced a scientific, economic, and cultural flourishing. Expansions of the Muslim world involved various caliphates, traders, missionaries and resulted in the Ottoman Empire. Most Muslims are Sunni (85–90%) or Shia (10–15%). Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world.